Name of theory Nudge theory, also known as nudging Key reference (Thaler & Sunstein, 2008; 2021) Description Nudge theory, or nudging, refers to designing the available choices in such a way that preferred options are more likely to be chosen, a method called choice architecture. There are several basic nudging Read more…
Name of concept Loss aversion Key reference (Kahneman & Tversky, 1979) Description Loss aversion is the idea that people will seek to avoid losses more than they would work towards a gain of an equal magnitude. For example, people will want to avoid losing €10 more than they would put Read more…
Name of concept Illusory truth effect Key reference (Hasher, Goldstein, & Toppino, 1977) Description The illusory truth effect covers how people are more likely to believe a statement they have heard before. The more often people are exposed to the same message, the more likely they are to see this Read more…
Name of theory Elaboration Likelihood Model Key reference (Petty & Cacioppo, 1986) Description The Elaboration Likelihood Model is a model to explain how attitudes that people hold can change. The model proposes the existence of two routes of information processing: the central route, and the peripheral route. The central route Read more…
Name of concept Change blindness Key reference (Simons & Levin, 1997) Description Change blindness refers to the phenomenon that people fail to detect a change in visual stimuli. The effect is shown in many experiments, ranging from people swapping places while the participant is momentarily distracted, to people watching a Read more…